The Largest Radiology Centre in Korea Increases the Success Rate of Prostate Artery Embolisation (PAE)
Human Medical Imaging & Intervention Centre is the largest radiology center in Korea that covers various intervention care from prostatic hyperplasia, uterine myoma, varicose vein and dialysis access to medical checkup and professional clinic. About 150 radiologists work at Human Medical Imaging & Intervention Centre and more than 5 million diagnoses have been made and about 5,000 procedures have been conducted for the past 10 years.
Background of Prostate Artery Embolisation
Prostate Artery Embolisation (PAE) has been first performed in 2000 for a patient with a prostate size of about 300cc who complained of persistent hematuria. Clinical studies started based on the findings that the pro-state size decreased by 40% and the lower urinary tract symptoms have been improved after the procedure. According to the “Results of 10-year Observational Research” published recently, the procedure is clinically effective for about 89% of patients in short-term and about 78% patients in long-term.
There are many reasons behind the increase for PAE. First, the number of patients complaining about prostatic hypertrophy has increased with the increasing number of elderly patients. However, patients were less willing to seek for a treatment due to postoperative sequelae, long recovery period and concerns about the treatment in a sensitive area. PAE is recently grabbing the attention as it has few complications and fast recovery unlike surgery. In fact, patients feel less time pressure as hospitalisation, treatment and discharge from the hospital can be done on the same day.
In the meantime, the treatment success rate has improved further as the skills of interventionalists have improved significantly. Recently a new device was introduced.
There are many reasons behind the increase for PAE. First, the number of patients complaining about prostatic hypertrophy has increased with the increasing number of elderly patients. However, patients were less willing to seek for a treatment due to postoperative sequelae, long recovery period and concerns about the treatment in a sensitive area. PAE is recently grabbing the attention as it has few complications and fast recovery unlike surgery. In fact, patients feel less time pressure as hospitalisation, treatment and discharge from the hospital can be done on the same day.
In the meantime, the treatment success rate has improved further as the skills of interventionalists have improved significantly. Recently a new device was introduced.
VISIONS spoke with Dr. Jung from the Human Medical Imaging & Intervention Centre about their experiences with Canon Medical’s Angio-CT system the Infinix-i 4D CT.
As of May 1st, 2019, PAE is covered by the Health insurance in Korea. Since then, Human Medical Imaging & Intervention Centre has performed about 150 procedures and currently, about 20 procedures a months are being performed. The number of procedures is quite big compared to hospitals around Asia and even university hospitals in Europe.
“Canon’s Angio-CT system reduces the burden of contrast media and time for patients and increases the level of procedure completion for interventionalists.”
Dr. Jung, Chief of Intervention Centre at the Human
Medical Imaging & Intervention Centre, Korea.
Outstanding Performance
Canon Medical’s Infinix-i 4D CT is an angiography system combined with an integrated CT gantry on rails. It is a hybrid system designed to obtain and utilise necessary anatomical information accurately during interventional procedures as it is possible to carry out interventional procedure and CT scanning in the same room without the need to move the patient.
Before the availability of this system, the patient needed to be transferred after the CT scan to the Interventional room in case the CT data was necessary for the intervention. In addition, if it was necessary to identify the changes of blood vessel position and/or progress of the procedure during the intervention, Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) using the C-arm needed to be used as the patient could not be moved to CT room. If CBCT scanning is acquired, the efficiency of finding the prostate artery and identifying dangerous collateral arteries becomes low. The patient exposure dose increases and CBCT is causing considerable artifacts.
Before the availability of this system, the patient needed to be transferred after the CT scan to the Interventional room in case the CT data was necessary for the intervention. In addition, if it was necessary to identify the changes of blood vessel position and/or progress of the procedure during the intervention, Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) using the C-arm needed to be used as the patient could not be moved to CT room. If CBCT scanning is acquired, the efficiency of finding the prostate artery and identifying dangerous collateral arteries becomes low. The patient exposure dose increases and CBCT is causing considerable artifacts.
Canon Medical’s Infinix-i 4D CT.
Using only DSA has limitations in finding the prostate artery and reducing the possibility of non-target embolisation as the prostate artery has various arterial origins and is sometimes accompanied by dangerous collateral arteries. However, it is possible to conduct intra-arterial CT scanning during the procedure as needed, using the Infinix-i 4D CT, which enables the identification of the structure and location of blood vessels accurately and reduces the possibility of non-target embolisation to 0%. Eventually, the system makes it possible to improve both the consistency and success rate of the procedure.
It took some time to get used to the system after it was first introduced. However, interventionalists have become familiar with a lot of experience to the extent that they can conduct CT during angiography within 3 minutes.
We are convinced that this system will be particularly useful for PAE but also for embolisation of other fine blood vessels.
It took some time to get used to the system after it was first introduced. However, interventionalists have become familiar with a lot of experience to the extent that they can conduct CT during angiography within 3 minutes.
We are convinced that this system will be particularly useful for PAE but also for embolisation of other fine blood vessels.
Result of PAE with Angio-CT system
When the blood vessel shape is complex or overlapped in case of PAE, the desired procedure position can be identified using 3D volume rendered images. Of course, it is possible to make a 3D image using the angio system CBCT, but more accurate images could be obtained when 3D image is made by using a CT-scan. In addition, it has been useful because 3D images obtained from CT can be utilised as a roadmap during fluoroscopy. These great features help the user to conduct procedures easy and accurately.
The Interventional Team at the Human Medical Imaging & Intervention Centre in Korea, with Canon Medical’s Angio-CT system the Infinix-i 4D CT.
According to Dr. Jung, Chief of Intervention Centre at the Human Medical Imaging & Intervention Centre in Korea, they were able to identify the prostate artery in all patients (100%) when intra-arterial CT was conducted during a PAE procedure. Based on this, it is possible to perform bilateral prostate artery embolisation for 96.5% patients and perform unilateral prostate artery embolisation for 3.5% patients, maintaining technical failure at 0%. In addition, they were able to identify rectal artery and accessory internal pudendal artery, branching from prostate artery which could cause non-target embolisation. Through this, they have maintained major complication and non-target embolisation at 0%. In addition, it is possible to check whether the procedure has been successful or not immediately after the procedure by checking the contrast pooling of the prostate, conducting non-enhanced CT after prostate artery embolisation. With this information, they could explain whether the procedure was successful or not to the patient. All patients were treated and discharged on the same day of the procedure.
The Interventional Team at the Human Medical Imaging & Intervention Centre in Korea, with Canon Medical’s Angio-CT system the Infinix-i 4D CT.
Future of PAE
In the past, patients felt great burden regarding the procedure because there was a perception that angiography was mainly used for emergency patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular issue. However, the number of patients choosing angiography is expected to increase as people are becoming aware of the fact that it is not surgery but a procedure that is safer,cheaper and faster.
In particular, the number of patients undergoing PAE is expected to grow further because the duration of hospitalisation is short and the patients can return to their daily life rapidly reducing burden related to time. In terms of cost, surgical treatment is cheaper in Korea. However, as most of the patients are economically active people (workers or businessmen), return of investment is high because they can return to work faster. Therefore, PAE cost is cheaper given the overall context.
As such, PAE is clinically and economically more efficient than existing surgical treatment and we will achieve more progress in our procedure with the help of the Infinix-i 4D CT and Canon Medical Systems. //
In particular, the number of patients undergoing PAE is expected to grow further because the duration of hospitalisation is short and the patients can return to their daily life rapidly reducing burden related to time. In terms of cost, surgical treatment is cheaper in Korea. However, as most of the patients are economically active people (workers or businessmen), return of investment is high because they can return to work faster. Therefore, PAE cost is cheaper given the overall context.
As such, PAE is clinically and economically more efficient than existing surgical treatment and we will achieve more progress in our procedure with the help of the Infinix-i 4D CT and Canon Medical Systems. //
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